XYl NOTATIONS Yx, ^(X,Y) set of mappings of X into Y: 1.4 lx identity mapping of X: 1.4 x-*T(x) mapping: 1.4 F(A) direct image: 1.5 F~1(A) inverse image: 1.5 F"1^) inverse image of a one element set {y}: 1.5 F(. , y\ F(x9 .) partial mappings of a mapping F of A c X x Y into Z: 1,5 /A natural injection: 1.6 F"1 inverse mapping of a bijective mapping: 1.6 G ° F composed mapping: 1.7 O;I);UL family: 1.8 N set of natural integers: 1.8 {xl9..., xn} set of elements of a finite sequence: 1.8 (J AA, (J AA union of a family of sets: 1.8 AeL A P) AAJ p) AA intersection of a family of sets: 1.8 XeL *. X/R quotient set of a set X by an equivalence relation R: 1.8 Yl XA product of a family of sets: 1.8 AeL prj projection on a partial product: 1.8 (WA) mapping into a product of sets: 1.8 R set of real numbers: 2.1 x + y sum of real numbers: 2.1 xy product of real numbers: 2.1 0 element of R: 2.1 —x opposite of a real number: 2.1 1 element of R: 2.1 jc""1, l/x inverse in R: 2.1 x^~y,y^x order relation in R: 2.1 x x relation in R: 2.1 ]a,A[, [a,b], [a,b[9 ]a,b] intervals in R: 2.1 R+, Rj set of real numbers ^0 (resp. >0): 2.2 \x\9 x+, x" absolute value, positive and negative part of a real number: 2.2 Q set of rational numbers: 2.2 Z set of positive or negative integers: 2.2 l.u.b. X, sup X least upper bound of a set: 2.3 g.l.b. X, inf X greatest lower bound of a set: 2.3 sup f(x)9 inf f(x) supremum and infimum of/in A: 2.3 x € A xeA R extended real line: 3.3 f the plane. 4. Simple arcs and simple closed curves. ess to unpublished lecture notes and manuscripts,